鋁和鋁合金的化學(xué)拋光是以70%(質(zhì)量百分?jǐn)?shù))的磷酸為根底的溶液。常用的是磷酸、硝酸、硫酸混合液，當(dāng)合金成分變化時(shí)，硫酸含量在9%。l5%之間變化，硝酸含量在3%～9%之間變化。由于工作溫度在105℃左右，大量產(chǎn)生氮氧化物污染環(huán)境。因而，在磷酸和硫酸混合液根底上用S類酸銅光亮劑作添加劑，產(chǎn)生了無(wú)黃煙化學(xué)拋光工藝。但這種無(wú)黃煙化學(xué)拋光只適用于純鋁或鋁鎂合金，對(duì)其他鋁合金效果較差。后來(lái)又有只加2%硝酸的配方呈現(xiàn)，也用相似的添加劑，沒得到擴(kuò)展適用范圍。但是，至今磷酸、硝酸、硫酸混合液由于順應(yīng)性強(qiáng)，還是主流配方。

　　Chemical polishing of aluminum and its alloys is based on 70% phosphoric acid. The mixture of phosphoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid is commonly used. When the alloy composition changes, the sulfuric acid content is 9%. The content of nitric acid varied from 3% to 9%. Because the working temperature is about 105 ℃, a lot of nitrogen oxides are produced to pollute the environment. As a result, a yellow smoke free chemical polishing process was developed by using S-type Acid Copper brightener as additive on the base of the mixture of phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. However, this kind of chemical polishing without yellow smoke is only suitable for pure aluminum or aluminum magnesium alloy, and has poor effect on other aluminum alloys. Later, only 2% nitric acid was added to the formulation, and similar additives were used, which did not extend the scope of application. However, the mixture of phosphoric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid is still the mainstream formula due to its strong compliance.
　　含銅、鋅較高的鋁合金，化學(xué)拋光時(shí)加2～5g/L鉻酐有協(xié)助。手冊(cè)上有記敘，含硅高的鋁合金，化學(xué)拋光時(shí)用60～65mL/L硝酸、15～20mL/L氫氟酸、甘油1～2mL/L的混合液，在室溫下浸2s。不過(guò)這種辦法更像是浸蝕。
　　For aluminum alloy with high copper and zinc content, it is helpful to add 2-5g / L chromic anhydride during chemical polishing. There is a description in the manual. For aluminum alloy with high silicon content, 60-65ml / L nitric acid, 15-20ml / L hydrofluoric acid and 1-2ml / L glycerin are used for chemical polishing, and the mixture is immersed for 2S at room temperature. But this is more like erosion.
　　還有一種含醋酸的配方，適用于純鋁和2A12(LYl2)：醋酸關(guān)于避免點(diǎn)狀腐蝕有更好的效果。
　　There is also a formula containing acetic acid, which is applicable to pure aluminum and 2A12 (lyl2): acetic acid has better effect on avoiding pitting corrosion.
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